1940年ナチスによるワルシャワ・ゲットーの封鎖：歴史とアメリカンイディオムを学ぶ

The Nazi Sealing of the Warsaw Ghetto

この英語教材のテーマは「実際の出来事でカジュアルな英語を学ぶ」
The theme of this English resource is “Learn casual English through real events.”

Section 1: The Sealing of the Warsaw Ghetto

On November 16, 1940, the Nazis sealed off the Warsaw Ghetto in the capital of Poland. The purpose of this sealing was to impose strict control and restrictions on the Jewish population, driving many people into despair. This event marked the beginning of the immense suffering faced by the Jewish community under Nazi occupation. People were forced to “fight for their lives” to survive with the limited resources they had.

Questions and Sample Answers

Q1: When was the Warsaw Ghetto sealed off?
A1: It was sealed off on November 16, 1940.

Q2: What was the purpose of this sealing?
A2: It was to impose strict control and restrictions on the Jewish population.

Q3: How did people try to survive?
A3: They “fought for their lives” to survive.

Now, let’s talk using idioms.

・Let the students choose one favorite idiom and make an example sentence.

Idiom: Fight for their lives

Meaning: To make every possible effort in a very difficult situation.
Example: “They fought for their lives to get food.”

和訳

セクション 1：ワルシャワ・ゲットーの封鎖

1940年11月16日、ナチスはポーランドの首都ワルシャワにあるゲットーを封鎖しました。この封鎖はユダヤ人に対する極めて厳しい管理と制限を目的とし、多くの人々を絶望に追い込みました。この出来事は、ナチス占領下におけるユダヤ人コミュニティの苦難の始まりでした。人々は限られた物資の中で生き抜くために**「命をかけて」**サバイバルを余儀なくされました。

質問とサンプル回答

Q1：ワルシャワ・ゲットーが封鎖されたのはいつですか？
A1：1940年11月16日です。

Q2：この封鎖は何を目的としていましたか？
A2：ユダヤ人に対する厳しい管理と制限を目的としていました。

Q3：人々はどのようにして生き抜こうとしましたか？
A3：彼らは**「命をかけて」**生き抜こうとしました。

イディオム: 命をかけて

意味: 非常に困難な状況の中で、全力で努力すること。例: 「彼らは命をかけて食料を手に入れようとしました。」

Section 2: The Impact of the Sealing

The sealing of the Warsaw Ghetto led to severe food shortages and the spread of diseases among those inside. People paid a heavy price to obtain basic necessities, and they were almost entirely cut off from the outside world. Despite these circumstances, a few individuals managed to keep contact with the outside and “make ends meet” by finding ways to bring in supplies.

Questions and Sample Answers

Q1: What did people face due to the sealing of the Warsaw Ghetto?
A1: They faced severe food shortages and the spread of diseases.

Q2: How did people try to obtain basic necessities?
A2: Some individuals “made ends meet” by keeping contact with the outside world.

Q3: What impact did the sealing have on the people?
A3: They were almost entirely cut off from the outside world.

Now, let’s talk using idioms.

・Let the students choose one favorite idiom and make an example sentence.

Idiom: Make ends meet

Meaning: To manage to survive financially or get by in difficult circumstances.
Example: “He made ends meet to support his family.”

和訳

セクション 2：封鎖による影響

ワルシャワ・ゲットーの封鎖により、内部にいた人々は深刻な食糧不足と病気の蔓延に直面しました。彼らは基本的な必要物資を手に入れるために多くの犠牲を払い、外の世界からほぼ完全に隔離されていました。しかし、その中でも、少数の人々は密かに外部との連絡を保ち、物資を手に入れるなどの方法で何とか**「必死にやりくり」**していました。

質問とサンプル回答

Q1：ワルシャワ・ゲットーの封鎖によって人々は何に直面しましたか？
A1：深刻な食糧不足と病気の蔓延に直面しました。

Q2：人々はどのようにして必要物資を手に入れようとしましたか？
A2：一部の人々は**「必死にやりくり」**しながら外部との連絡を保ちました。

Q3：封鎖は人々にどのような影響を与えましたか？
A3：彼らは外の世界からほぼ完全に隔離されていました。

イディオム: 必死にやりくり

意味: 困難な状況を何とかして乗り越えるために、全ての手段を使って努力すること。例: 「彼は家族を支えるために必死にやりくりしていました。」

Section 3: Hope and Resistance

Even during the sealing of the Warsaw Ghetto, some residents did not lose hope and continued to resist. They secretly brought in supplies and supported their community through underground activities. Their actions were like “searching for light in the darkness”. Many people maintained their courage in the face of desperate circumstances and believed in a hopeful future.

Questions and Sample Answers

Q1: How did residents resist during the sealing?
A1: They secretly brought in supplies and supported their community through underground activities.

Q2: How can the people’s actions be described?
A2: They were like “searching for light in the darkness”.

Q3: How did residents keep their hope alive?
A3: They kept their courage despite desperate circumstances and believed in a hopeful future.

Now, let’s talk using idioms.

・Let the students choose one favorite idiom and make an example sentence.

Idiom: Searching for light in the darkness

Meaning: To continue striving for hope even in very difficult situations.
Example: “She never gave up, always searching for light in the darkness no matter how tough things got.”